Epidemiologic Reviews Copyright © 2005 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved
ARTICLES |
Civil Conflicts in Four African Countries: A Five-Year Review of Trends in Nutrition and Mortality
From the World Health Organization Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, School of Public Health, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
Correspondence to Dr. Debarati Guha-Sapir, World Health Organization Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, School of Public Health, Catholic University of Louvain, 3094 Clos-Chapelle-aux-Champs, 1200 Brussels, Belgium (e-mail: sapir@esp.ucl.ac.be).
Received for publication November 5, 2004; accepted for publication February 4, 2005.
CE-DAT, Complex Emergency Database • CRED, Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters • DRC, Democratic Republic of the Congo • UNICEF, United Nations Children's Fund
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INTRODUCTION |
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Background
Armed conflicts are defined as political conflicts in which armed combat involves the armed forces of at least one state or one or more armed factions seeking to gain control of all or part of the state, and in which at least 1,000 people have been killed by the fighting during the course of the conflict. Globally, the number of armed conflicts has been decreasing since 1995, when it peaked at 44 recorded civil wars (1
). By 2003, seven of these conflicts had ended, and in 2003 there were 37 active conflicts in the world. More than 80 percent of these conflicts were in Asia and Africa. The latter continent harbored 42 percent of all conflicts in 2003, involving 28 states and their neighboring countries (2).
Many governmental and nongovernmental organizations, as well as research scholars, evaluate the human impact of civil conflict for operational and policy purposes
Objectives
Indicators
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METHODS |
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RESULTS |
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Angola
Sudan
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ethiopia
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DISCUSSION |
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CONCLUSION |
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